Queens Museum

Coordinates: 40°44′45″N 73°50′48″W / 40.74583°N 73.84667°W / 40.74583; -73.84667
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Queens Museum
Map
Established1972[1]
LocationFlushing Meadows–Corona Park, Queens, New York 11368
Coordinates40°44′45″N 73°50′48″W / 40.74583°N 73.84667°W / 40.74583; -73.84667
TypeArt museum[2]
DirectorSally Tallant[3]
Public transit access
Websitewww.queensmuseum.org

The Queens Museum, formerly the Queens Museum of Art, is an art museum and educational center at Flushing Meadows–Corona Park in northern Queens in New York City, United States. The museum was founded in 1972, and has among its permanent exhibitions, the Panorama of the City of New York, a room-sized scale model of the five boroughs originally built for the 1964 New York World's Fair, and repeatedly updated since then. It also has a large archive of artifacts from both the 1939 and 1964 World's Fairs, a selection of which is on display.

History[edit]

Previous building use[edit]

1939 World's Fair and United Nations[edit]

The Queens Museum is located in the New York City Building at Flushing Meadows–Corona Park, designed by architect Aymar Embury II for the 1939 World's Fair.[4] The city pavilion originally stood next to the Trylon and Perisphere, the central monument of the 1939 fair, which was dismantled after that event (the site would later become the Unisphere in 1964).[5] The New York City Building was one of two major structures to remain in the park from the 1939 World's Fair, the other being Billy Rose's Aquacade.[6]

From 1946 to 1950, the pavilion was the temporary home of the United Nations General Assembly, and was the site of numerous defining moments in the UN's early years, including the creation of UNICEF, the partition of Korea, and the authorization by the UN of the creation of Israel.[4][7][8]

1964 World's Fair[edit]

The Flushing Meadows site was selected in 1959 for the 1964 New York World's Fair.[9] Gilmore David Clarke and Michael Rapuano, designers of the original World's Fair layout, were retained to tailor the original 1939 park layout for the new fair.[10][11] New York City parks commissioner Robert Moses was president of the World's Fair Corporation, which was to operate the fair.[12] Moses decided to reuse the New York City Building as the city's exhibition space during the 1964 World's Fair.[13]

Almost all of Flushing Meadows–Corona Park was closed in 1961 in advance of the fair, except for the New York City Building's ice skating rink.[14] The city government announced in 1962 that it would spend $832,500 to renovate the skating rink at the building's southern end. Following the modifications, the city wanted to host six ice-skating shows per day during the 1964 fair.[15] The architect Daniel Chait was hired to renovate the New York City Pavilion.[16] During the fair, the pavilion displayed the Panorama of the City of New York. The Panorama recorded an average of 1,400 visitors, each of whom paid for tickets to a simulated helicopter ride above a scale model of New York City.[17]

Opening as museum[edit]

In 1972, with minor alterations, the north side of the New York City building was converted into the Queens Center for Art and Culture, later renamed the Queens Museum of Art.[4][7]

In 1994, the building underwent a further renovation, with architect Rafael Viñoly reconfiguring the structure into galleries, classrooms, and offices. For many years, half of the building was an ice skating rink.[4][7] In 1999, the museum was again renovated for $15 million.[18]

2000s to present[edit]

First phase of expansion[edit]

In August 2001, the Queens Museum of Art hosted an architectural design competition for a proposed renovation of its building;[19] the museum hired Eric Owen Moss to design the expansion that December.[20][21] The plans called for the relocation of the ice skating rink in the southern end of the New York City Building,[20] as well as a bent-glass roof, an exhibition space at the center of the structure, and a dirt mound facing Grand Central Parkway to the west.[19] Architectural critics derided Moss's original design,[22][23] which museum officials later voted to scale down.[19] Tom Finkelpearl was hired as the museum's director in 2002.[24] Finkelpearl was advocating for changes to the museum's renovation plans by late 2004.[19] Accordingly, Moss was replaced in March 2005 by Grimshaw Architects.[22][25] Grimshaw announced revised designs for the expansion the next year.[26] At the time, the renovation was supposed to cost $37 million,[26][27] of which $21 million came from the Queens borough president's office.[26]

The museum began an expansion project in 2009.[28] Grimshaw Architects, along with the engineering firm of Ammann & Whitney, developed plans for 50,000 square feet (4,600 m2) of exhibition, education and office space as well as eight new artist studios.[28] The new space would be created on the site of the old ice skating rink.[27] The ice rink was relocated to a new facility in the northeastern section of Flushing Meadows–Corona Park.[7] and the interior of the ice rink was demolished by the beginning of 2010.[29] The project ultimately ended up costing $69 million.[7][30] The expanded museum reopened in November 2013 with a new entrance at Grand Central Parkway.[7][31] After it reopened, the museum shortened its name to Queens Museum.[30]

Leadership changes and second phase of expansion[edit]

Attractions and Geographical Features of Flushing Meadows–Corona Park

Attractions and geographical features of Flushing Meadows–Corona Park:
1
Citi Field
2
Flushing Meadows Carousel and Queens Zoo
3
Flushing Meadows Corona Park Aquatics Center
4
Flushing River and Creek
5
Meadow Lake
6
Mets–Willets Point (LIRR and subway stations)
7
National Tennis Center
8
New York Hall of Science
9
New York State Pavilion and Queens Theatre
10
Queens Botanical Garden
11
Queens Museum
12
Unisphere
13
Willow Lake
14
World's Fair station (demolished)

Finkelpearl resigned in 2014 when he was hired as commissioner of the New York City Department of Cultural Affairs.[32] Subsequently, the Queens Museum appointed Laura Raicovich as its director that October.[33] The New York Times wrote that, in contrast to other museum directors (who tended to be politically uninvolved), Raicovich was politically outspoken during her tenure as the Queens Museum's director; Raicovich said her actions were intended to make the museum more attractive to Queens' diverse population.[34] In September 2016, the Queens Museum was unexpectedly closed due to security restrictions for events at the nearby Grandstand Stadium for the US Open tennis competition;[35] the closures took place again during the 2017 US Open.[36] During the inauguration of Donald Trump as U.S. president in January 2017, the museum closed temporarily in conjunction with a protest hosted by artists. The museum also began hosting events at nearby houses and streets. Raicovich told the Times that these events had been intended to counter a decline in visitor numbers that occurred after Trump's election.[34]

In 2017, the museum controversially[37] canceled an agreement to rent space for a party celebrating the 70th anniversary of the Israeli Declaration of Independence.[38][39] Raicovich had called the party a "political event".[40] Local politicians worked to restore the museum's commitment to host the event,[40][41] which was ultimately reinstated at the museum.[37][39] The event included a staged reenactment of the November 29, 1947, United Nations vote to partition the British Mandate for Palestine.[42] As a consequence of the controversy, the Queens Museum's board commissioned an investigation into misbehaviors by Raicovich and deputy director David Strauss.[43] Raicovich resigned in January 2018,[44] and Strauss was fired.[43] The British curator Sally Tallant was hired as the museum's new director in late 2018.[3]

The Queens Museum was closed temporarily from March to September 2020 due to the COVID-19 pandemic in New York City.[45][46] The city government gave the museum $26.4 million in September 2021 to complete the second phase of its expansion.[47][48] In mid-2022, the museum hired Levenbetts to design the renovation, which museum officials predicted would cost $69 million.[49][50] The project would create a children's museum wing; add 2,600 square feet (240 m2) of storage space; build a 5,500-square-foot (510 m2) art lab; and add classrooms, conservation, and exhibit preparation spaces.[47] The project was to involve repairing the south facade as well.[49] The city allocated another $8.5 million for the children's museum space in August 2023.[51]

Building[edit]

The museum building covers 105,000 square feet (9,800 m2) following the 2013 renovation.[31][52] The building includes exhibit spaces, event spaces, artists' studios, a cafe, and an atrium.[31] There is a 200-foot-wide (61 m), 27-foot-tall (8.2 m) glass wall on the western facade of the museum building.[52] The glass facade consists of fritted glass panels interspersed with aluminum panels. At night, the facade is illuminated by LED lights that are visible from Grand Central Parkway immediately to the west.[53] Prior to the 2013 renovation, the building had no main entrance; thus, many visitors to Flushing Meadows–Corona Park did not know of the museum's existence.[19]

The structure is one of five buildings that survive from the 1939 World's Fair. The other structures include a boathouse and an administration building in Flushing Meadows–Corona Park; the Parachute Jump on Coney Island, and the Belgian Building at Virginia Union University in Richmond, Virginia.[54]

Collections and exhibits[edit]

Permanent collection[edit]

The museum's permanent collection includes 10,000 items related to the 1939 and 1964 World's Fairs.[55] As of 2013, about 900 World's Fair objects are on permanent display.[31]

Recent acquisitions, either through purchase or donation, include works by Salvador Dalí, Mark Dion, Andrew Moore's photographs from Robert Moses and the Modern City (a collection of 20th century photographs from the 1964 World's Fair Kodak Pavilion), crime scene photographs from the Daily News Archive (1920s–1960s), and nearly 1,000 drawings by the court reporter and political cartoonist William Sharp.

Panorama of the City of New York[edit]

The largest permanent exhibition at the Queens Museum is the Panorama of the City of New York, which was commissioned by Robert Moses for the 1964 World's Fair. A celebration of the city's municipal infrastructure, this 9,335-square-foot (867.2 m2) architectural model[56] includes almost every building that existed in all five boroughs in 1992, at a 1:1200 scale.[57] One hundred employees from Raymond Lester Associates built the model in three years.[57] The model was constructed in 273 sections.[17][58] The panorama depicts 895,000 individual structures,[56][17] including buildings made of plastic or wood and 35 bridges made of brass.[17] The section showing the Far Rockaway neighborhood was never installed due to space limitations.[57]

The repeatedly updated Panorama of the City of New York, as it appeared in 2011

After the Fair closed, the Panorama remained open to the public, and Lester's team updated the map in 1967, 1968, and 1969.[57] After 1970, very few changes were made until 1992, when again Lester Associates was hired to update the model, adding over 60,000 structures.[57] In March 2009, the museum announced that it would allow people to donate at least $50 to have accurate scale models created and added.[57] The mechanical "helicopter" vehicles for conveying exhibition visitors were showing signs of wear, and were removed before the 1994 reopening.[57] The Panorama has also hosted temporary exhibits, such as models of unbuilt structures the 2018 exhibit Never Built New York.[59]

The current installation, dating to a 1990s renovation of the museum by Rafael Viñoly, features accessible ramps and an elevated walkway which surround the Panorama.[57] Since 2023, the museum has also allowed visitors to look at individual structures in the Panorama.[58]

Relief Map of the New York City Water Supply System[edit]

For the 1939 World's Fair, city agencies were invited to produce exhibits for the New York City Pavilion. The Department of Water Supply, Gas and Electricity (a New York City Department of Environmental Protection predecessor agency) commissioned the Cartographic Survey Force of the Works Progress Administration to create the large Relief Map of the New York City Water Supply System and watershed. Work began in 1938, and a team of map builders toiled over the map with an immense depression-era budget of $100,000 (equivalent to $2,190,000 in 2023). At 540 square feet (50 m2), the map was too big for the allocated space in the New York City pavilion, resulting in its elimination from the World's Fair. Ten years later, the map made its first and only public debut at the city's Golden Anniversary Exposition in Manhattan's Grand Central Palace.

By the start of the 21st century, the 27-piece map in storage was in desperate need of conservation. In October 2006, the New York City Department of Environmental Protection and the Queens Museum sent the historic display to McKay Lodge Fine Arts Conservation Lab in Oberlin, Ohio, for restoration. Over the next 18 months, conservators and technicians worked on the model full-time, removing over 70 years of accumulated dirt and re-paintings. Clearing away the dirt and debris, they found much of the original geography and painted details to be intact or recoverable. Road maps and satellite images were used to restore lost portions of the model.

Near the 70th anniversary of the model and the 100th anniversary of the inauguration of the Catskill System's construction, the map was restored to its original form and was installed in the former New York City Building (now the Queens Museum), where it remains on long-term loan.

World's Fair Visual Storage and Gallery[edit]

Located on the second floor of the Queens Museum, this exhibit displays memorabilia from both the 1939 and 1964 World's Fairs. The online catalog contains over 10,000 items in total from both fairs.[60][61]

Non-permanent collection[edit]

Neustadt Collection of Tiffany Glass[edit]

A lamp from the Tiffany collection

Since 1995, the museum has maintained a partnership with the Neustadt Collection of Tiffany Glass.[62][63] Selections from the collection are on long-term display, drawn from a large private Tiffany collection assembled by Dr. Egon Neustadt and his wife Hildegard starting in the mid-1930s.[62] Most of the collection is kept in storage in Long Island City and is not on public view.[64] The history of the creation of Tiffany's artworks is featured in the Queens Museum exhibitions, as Tiffany Studios and Furnaces was once located in Corona, which were closed in the 1930s.[65][66]

Temporary exhibits[edit]

The museum also stages temporary exhibits regularly.[67] For example, when the museum reopened after the COVID-19 pandemic, it hosted exhibitions about the concept of home, the photographer Bruce Davidson, and children's art.[68]

Outreach[edit]

Seniors at an educational program

The Queens Museum runs numerous outreach programs for the surrounding community.[69] During the COVID-19 pandemic closure, the Queens Museum organized a food pantry for residents of the surrounding neighborhood.[45][47] The museum launched an activist program for teens, the Queens Teens Institute for Art and Social Justice, in 2023.[70] It has also been involved in community projects, including the restoration of Corona Plaza, a public plaza near the New York City Subway's 103rd Street–Corona Plaza station, in the early 21st century.[69]

Operation[edit]

The museum is operated by the Queens Museum of Art, which is classified as a 501(c)(3) organization since 1972.[71] As of 2018, Queens Museum's director is Sally Tallant.[3]

Each year, through exhibitions and programs the Queens Museum serves about 200,000 visitors. Prior to the COVID-19 pandemic, the museum accommodated 30,000 students annually.[72] In 2020, the Queens Museum made admission free for all visitors.[73] The museum instead operates on a pay what you want model.[74][75]

See also[edit]

References[edit]

Citations[edit]

  1. ^ "Building History". Queens Museum of Art. Archived from the original on April 26, 2015. Retrieved May 2, 2015.
  2. ^ "Queens Museum of Art: About". ARTINFO. 2008. Retrieved July 29, 2008.
  3. ^ a b c Parry, Bill (November 5, 2018). "Queens Museum names Sally Tallant as new president and executive director". QNS. Retrieved May 19, 2024; "Sally Tallant heads to New York's Queens Museum". ArtReview. November 8, 2018. Retrieved May 19, 2024; Pogrebin, Robin (November 5, 2018). "Queens Museum Looks to Liverpool for New Director". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved May 19, 2024.
  4. ^ a b c d "Queens Museum Today". Queens Museum of Art. Archived from the original on November 15, 2013. Retrieved March 18, 2009.
  5. ^ "Plus Ça Change" (PDF). Progressive Architecture. Vol. 42, no. 3. March 1961. p. 64. Archived (PDF) from the original on July 26, 2021. Retrieved July 26, 2021.
  6. ^ Zinsser, William K. (January 17, 1960). "A Walk Among World's Fair Ghosts; By 1964 a new World's Fair will rise, right where that other one awed and enchanted millions an age -- or was it only twenty years? -- ago. World's Fair Ghosts". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved May 19, 2024.
  7. ^ a b c d e f Cotter, Holland (November 7, 2013). "A Local Place for a Global Neighborhood". The New York Times. Retrieved May 2, 2015.
  8. ^ "Gale Virtual Reference Library - Document - United Nations". go.galegroup.com. Retrieved November 16, 2016.
  9. ^ La Guardia International Airport and John F. Kennedy International Airport, Port Authority of New York and New Jersey Airport Access Program, Automated Guideway Transit System (NY, NJ): Environmental Impact Statement. Port Authority of New York and New Jersey, United States Department of Transportation, Federal Aviation Administration, New York State Department of Transportation. June 1994. p. 1.11. Archived from the original on January 23, 2023. Retrieved November 4, 2019.
  10. ^ "Flushing Meadows-Corona Park: Historic Preservation Studio". Columbia Graduate School of Architecture, Planning and Preservation. May 3, 2015. p. 16. Archived from the original on April 1, 2017. Retrieved March 31, 2017.
  11. ^ The Unisphere (PDF) (Report). New York City Landmarks Preservation Commission. May 16, 1995. p. 3. Archived (PDF) from the original on November 4, 2019. Retrieved May 12, 2024.
  12. ^ Schumach, Murray (June 4, 1967). "Moses Gives City Fair Site as Park; Flushing Meadows in Queens Becomes the 2d Biggest Recreation Area Here". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived from the original on April 7, 2021. Retrieved May 16, 2024.
  13. ^ Chapman, Ralph (April 18, 1960). "Permanent Buildings Barred at World's Fair: Moses Report to Mayor Cites Law Calling for Restoration as a Park". New York Herald Tribune. p. 1. ISSN 1941-0646. ProQuest 1327176485; Grutzner, Charles (April 18, 1960). "Moses Sees Fair Lasting 2 Years; Report to Wagner Includes a Reference to 1964-65 Without Qualification". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved May 20, 2024.
  14. ^ Freeman, Ira Henry (February 12, 1961). "City Closing Park for World's Fair; Public to Be Barred From Flushing Meadow While Construction Proceeds". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved May 19, 2024; Chapman, Ralph (February 12, 1961). "World's Fair Landscaping Work Closes Site to Traffic". New York Herald Tribune. p. 6. ISSN 1941-0646. ProQuest 1325186012.
  15. ^ "City Will Sponsor 6 Ice Shows Daily At '64 World Fair". The New York Times. March 12, 1962. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved May 19, 2024.
  16. ^ Progress Report. New York World's Fair 1964-1965 Corporation. 1961. Retrieved May 20, 2024.
  17. ^ a b c d Rhoades, Liz (May 8, 2014). "NYC Panorama was a big part of fair". Queens Chronicle. Retrieved May 19, 2024.
  18. ^ Colangelo, Lisa L. (July 13, 1999). "Museum Has New Look, Focus Community Outreach Seen as Part of Growth". New York Daily News. Retrieved May 19, 2024.
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  20. ^ a b Bernstein, Fred (December 27, 2001). "Currents: Architecture; On the Old World's Fair Grounds, a Skating Rink Makes Way for an Amphitheater". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved May 20, 2024.
  21. ^ MacGowan, Carl (March 31, 2002). "A Fair Deal: Museum Views Its Past, Future". Newsday. p. 199. Retrieved May 20, 2024.
  22. ^ a b Bertrand, Donald (March 24, 2005). "Museum grow is a 'go'". New York Daily News. p. 118. Retrieved May 20, 2024.
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  24. ^ "Finkelpearl is QMA's new exec. director". QNS. March 28, 2002. Retrieved May 20, 2024; Rhoades, Liz (March 21, 2002). "New QMA Director Finkelpearl Is Coming From P.S. 1 Art Center". Queens Chronicle. Retrieved May 20, 2024.
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  26. ^ a b c Bertrand, Donald (October 11, 2006). "Plans to Double Size of Queens Museum of Art". New York Daily News. p. 1. ISSN 2692-1251. ProQuest 306076965.
  27. ^ a b Pogrebin, Robin (August 27, 2013). "Bidding on the Future in Queens". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved May 20, 2024.
  28. ^ a b Halperin, Julia. (July 16, 2013), "Queens Museum to double in size" Archived July 21, 2013, at the Wayback Machine The Art Newspaper
  29. ^ Rosenberg, Karen (January 18, 2010). "For Former World's Fair Ice Rink, Fragments of an Afterlife". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved May 20, 2024.
  30. ^ a b Trapasso, Clare (October 30, 2013). "Queens Museum undergoes $69M renovation". New York Daily News. Retrieved May 20, 2024.
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  32. ^ Pogrebin, Robin (April 6, 2014). "Museum Director to Be Commissioner of Cultural Affairs". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved May 19, 2024.
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  34. ^ a b Pogrebin, Robin (October 8, 2017). "At Queens Museum, the Director Is as Political as the Art". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved May 19, 2024.
  35. ^ Honan, Katie (September 2, 2016). "U.S. Open's Heightened Security Forces Queens Museum to Close". DNAinfo New York. DNAinfo. Archived from the original on August 18, 2017. Retrieved June 25, 2017.
  36. ^ Honan, Katie (August 28, 2017). "Heavy Security at US Open Forces Queens Museum to Close Again". DNAinfo New York. Retrieved May 20, 2024.
  37. ^ a b Monteverdi, Suzanne (August 17, 2017). "Queens Museum reverses its decision, will hold celebration of Israel's independence after all". QNS. Retrieved May 19, 2024.
  38. ^ Monteverdi, Suzanne (January 29, 2018). "Search underway for new Queens Museum director after outspoken former boss resigned". QNS. Retrieved May 19, 2024.
  39. ^ a b Pazmino, Gloria (August 16, 2017). "Queens Museum reinstates Israel event after backlash". POLITICO. Retrieved May 19, 2024; "Update: Following outcry, Queens Museum reverses cancellation of Israel anniversary event". Spectrum News NY1. August 17, 2017. Retrieved May 19, 2024.
  40. ^ a b Martinez, Gina (August 17, 2017). "Queens Museum's Israel Independence re-enactment back on". Times Ledger. Retrieved August 17, 2017.
  41. ^ "Queens Museum Reinstates Israel Event After Outcry". The Forward. JTA. August 17, 2017. Retrieved August 17, 2017.
  42. ^ "Queens Museum to re-enact 1947 United Nations vote that created the state of Israel". spectrumlocalnews.com. August 17, 2017. Retrieved May 19, 2024; Martinez, Gina (June 17, 2017). "The main gallery of the Queens Museum was the site of the original United Nations General Assembly vote on November 29, 1947, establishing Israel as an independent state". Times Ledger. Retrieved August 17, 2017.
  43. ^ a b Pogrebin, Robin (February 14, 2018). "Queens Museum Report Says Former Director 'Misled the Board'". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved May 19, 2024.
  44. ^ Boucher, Brian (January 26, 2018). "Queens Museum Director Laura Raicovich Resigns Amid Political Differences With Board". Artnet News. Retrieved May 19, 2024; Pogrebin, Robin (January 26, 2018). "Politically Outspoken Director of Queens Museum Steps Down". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved May 19, 2024.
  45. ^ a b Cascone, Sarah (September 24, 2020). "During Lockdown, the Queens Museum Became a Food Pantry. Now, It's Reopening—and Keeping the Kitchen Intact". Artnet News. Retrieved May 19, 2024.
  46. ^ Mohamed, Carlotta (September 16, 2020). "Queens Museum celebrates reopening with four new exhibits and citywide public art initiative". QNS. Retrieved May 19, 2024.
  47. ^ a b c "NYC Awards Queens Museum $26.4 Million Toward Expansion". Artforum. September 23, 2021. Retrieved May 19, 2024.
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  50. ^ Roche, Rebecca (August 29, 2022). "New children's museum headlines $69 million expansion at Queens Museum". QNS. Retrieved May 19, 2024.
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  54. ^ Pollak, Michael (April 8, 2007). "Arborcide". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved May 20, 2024.
  55. ^ "World's Fair Collection". Queens Museum. May 19, 2024. Retrieved May 19, 2024.
  56. ^ a b Kilgannon, Corey (February 2, 2007). "On the Town, Sized Down, Jazzed Up". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved May 19, 2024.
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  58. ^ a b Barron, James (May 11, 2023). "A Panorama of New York Enters the Digital Age". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved May 19, 2024.
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  61. ^ "Gale Virtual Reference Library - Document - World's Fairs".
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  64. ^ Gellman, Lindsay (January 22, 2018). "A Rare Tour of the Neustadt Collection's Tiffany Glass". The New Yorker. Retrieved May 19, 2024.
  65. ^ The Neustadt Collection of Tiffany Glass official website
  66. ^ The Neustadt Collection of Tiffany Glass, Queens Museum website
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Sources[edit]

External links[edit]