Yugh language

Yugh
Yugh
Sym Ket
Дьук; Ďuk
Pronunciation	[ɟuk]
Native to	Russia
Region	Yenisei River
Ethnicity	Yugh people
Extinct	1991; 3 (2020)
Language family	Dené–Yeniseian? Proto-Yeniseian Yeniseian Northern Yeniseian Yugh; ; ; ;
Language codes
ISO 639-3	yug
Linguist List	yug
Glottolog	yugh1239; yugh1240 additional bibliography
ELP	Yug

Yugh (/ˈjuːɡ/ YOOG; Yug) is a Yeniseian language, closely related to Ket, formerly spoken by the Yugh people, one of the southern groups along the Yenisei River in central Siberia.^[3] It was once regarded as a dialect of the Ket language, which was considered to be a language isolate, and was therefore called Sym Ket or Southern Ket; however, the Ket considered it to be a distinct language. By the early 1990s there were only two or three nonfluent speakers remaining,^[4] and the language was virtually extinct. The 2002 Census recorded 19 ethnic Yugh in all of Russia.^[5] In the 2010 census, only one ethnic Yugh was counted,^[6] while in the 2020 census, 7 ethnic Yugh were counted,^[7] 2 of them stating that they were speakers of Yugh.^[2]

Phonology[edit]

Vowels[edit]

Vowels of Yugh^[8]
	Front	Central	Back
Close	i [i]	ɨ [ɨ]	u [u]
Close-mid	e [e]	ə [ə]	o [o]
Open-mid	ɛ [ɛ]	ʌ [ʌ]	ɔ [ɔ]
Open		a [a]

Consonants[edit]

Consonants of Yugh^[8]
		Labial	Dental	Palatal	Velar	Uvular	Laryngeal/ Pharyngeal
Plosive	voiceless	p [p]	t [t]	tʼ [tʲ]	k [k]	(q [q])	ʔ [ʔ]
Plosive	voiced	b [b]	d [d]	dʼ [dʲ]	g [g]
Fricative	voiceless	f [f]	s [s]/š [ʃ]/šʼ [ʃʲ]			χ [χ]
Fricative	voiced	(v [v])	z [z]/ž [ʒ]/žʼ [ʒʲ]	j [j]	[ɣ]	(R [ʁ])
Affricate			(c [t͡s])	čʼ [t͡ʃ]
Nasal		m [m]	n [n]	nʼ [nʲ]	ŋ [ŋ]
Trill			[r]
Lateral			l [l]/lʼ [lʲ]

Notes[edit]

^ Vajda, Edward J. (2004). Ket. Languages of the world Materials. München: LINCOM Europa. ISBN 978-3-89586-221-2.
^ ^a ^b Том 5. «Национальный состав и владение языками». Таблица 7. Население наиболее многочисленных национальностей по родному языку
^ Vajda, Edward J. "The Ket and Other Yeniseian Peoples". Archived from the original on 2019-04-06. Retrieved 2006-10-27.
^ Gordon, Raymond G.; Grimes, Barbara F., eds. (2005). Ethnologue: Languages of the World (15th ed.). Dallas, Texas: SIL International.
^ 2002 Russian census data
^ 2010 Russian census data
^ Том 5. «Национальный состав и владение языками». Таблица 1. Национальный состав населения
^ ^a ^b Werner, Heinrich (1997). Das Jugische (sym-ketische). Veröffentlichungen der societa uralo-altaica. Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz. ISBN 978-3-447-03999-4.

References[edit]

Vajda, Edward J., Yeniseian Peoples and Languages : A History of Yeniseian Studies with an Annotated Bibliography and a Source Guide, Curzon Press: 2002 ISBN 0-7007-1290-9.

External links[edit]

Yugh basic lexicon at the Global Lexicostatistical Database

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[1] Vajda, Edward J. (2004). Ket. Languages of the world Materials. München: LINCOM Europa. ISBN 978-3-89586-221-2.

[:1-2] Том 5. «Национальный состав и владение языками». Таблица 7. Население наиболее многочисленных национальностей по родному языку

[Vajda-3] Vajda, Edward J. "The Ket and Other Yeniseian Peoples". Archived from the original on 2019-04-06. Retrieved 2006-10-27.

[4] Gordon, Raymond G.; Grimes, Barbara F., eds. (2005). Ethnologue: Languages of the World (15th ed.). Dallas, Texas: SIL International.

[2002_Russian_census_data-5] 2002 Russian census data

[2010_Russian_census_data-6] 2010 Russian census data

[7] Том 5. «Национальный состав и владение языками». Таблица 1. Национальный состав населения

[:0-8] Werner, Heinrich (1997). Das Jugische (sym-ketische). Veröffentlichungen der societa uralo-altaica. Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz. ISBN 978-3-447-03999-4.

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