Dauphin (provincial electoral district)

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Dauphin
Manitoba electoral district
Provincial electoral district
LegislatureLegislative Assembly of Manitoba
MLA
 
 
 
Ron Kostyshyn
New Democratic
District created1881
First contested1881
Last contested2019
Demographics
Population (2016)23,290
Electors (2019)16,315
Area (km²)13,099
Pop. density (per km²)1.8

Dauphin is a provincial electoral division in the Canadian province of Manitoba. It was originally created in 1881 with the expansion of the province's western boundary, eliminated in 1886, re-established in 1892, and finally abolished in 1999. Most of its territory went to the new riding of Dauphin-Roblin, though a small amount went to the riding of Swan River. Dauphin-Roblin was largely replaced by a new Dauphin riding in the 2008 redistribution, expanding to include Ste. Rose du Lac.

Dauphin was initially centred on the community of Dauphin, Manitoba, though it now encompasses much rural territory as well. It is located in the province's mid-northern region, close to the provincial border with Saskatchewan.

List of provincial representatives[edit]

Assembly Years Member Party
Riding created
4th 1881-1882 John A. Davidson Liberal
5th 1882-1886 Liberal-Conservative
Riding dissolved into Beautiful Plains
Riding created from Beautiful Plains
8th 1892-1895 Theodore Arthur Burrows Liberal-Conservative
9th 1895-1899 Liberal
10th 1899-1903
11th 1903-1907 John Gunne Conservative
12th 1907-1910 John Campbell Liberal
13th 1910-1914 James G. Harvey Conservative
14th 1914-1915 William Buchanan
15th 1915-1920 William Harrington Liberal
16th 1920 George Palmer Dominion Labour Party
1920-1922 Independent Labour Party
17th 1922-1927 Archibald Esplen Liberal
18th 1927-1932 Robert Ferguson Conservative
19th 1932-1936 Robert Hawkins Liberal–Progressive
20th 1936-1941
21st 1941-1945
22nd 1945-1949
23rd 1949-1953 Ernest McGirr Progressive Conservative
24th 1953-1958 William Bullmore Social Credit
1958 Independent
25th 1958-1959 Stewart McLean Progressive Conservative
26th 1959-1963
27th 1963-1966
28th 1966-1969
29th 1969-1972 Peter Burtniak New Democratic
30th 1973-1977
31st 1977-1981 James Galbraith Progressive Conservative
32nd 1981-1985 John Plohman New Democratic
33rd 1985-1988
34th 1988-1990
35th 1990-1995
36th 1995-1999 Stan Struthers
Dauphin-Roblin
37th 1999-2003 Stan Struthers New Democratic
38th 2003-2007
39th 2007-2011
Dauphin
40th 2011-2016 Stan Struthers New Democratic
41st 2016–2019 Brad Michaleski Progressive Conservative
42nd 2019–2023
43rd 2023-Present Ron Kostyshyn New Democratic

Election results[edit]

2023[edit]

2023 Manitoba general election
Party Candidate Votes % ±% Expenditures
New Democratic Ron Kostyshyn 5,097 51.68 +9.29
Progressive Conservative Gord Wood 4,765 48.32 -2.20
Total valid votes 9,862 98.93
Rejected and declined 107 1.07 +0.53
Turnout 9,969 64.91 +6.29
Eligible voters 15,358
New Democratic gain from Progressive Conservative Swing +5.75
Source(s)
Source:CBC[1]/Elections Manitoba[2]

2019[edit]

2019 Manitoba general election
Party Candidate Votes % ±% Expenditures
Progressive Conservative Brad Michaleski 4,805 50.52 -6.3 $18,681.41
New Democratic Darcy Scheller 4,032 42.39 +15.9 $16,318.71
Liberal Cathy Scofield-Singh 675 7.10 -0.7 $1,433.16
Total valid votes 9,512 99.46
Rejected 52 0.54
Turnout 9,564 58.62
Eligible voters 16,315
Progressive Conservative hold Swing -11.1
Source(s)
Source: Manitoba. Chief Electoral Officer (2019). Statement of Votes for the 42nd Provincial General Election, September 10, 2019 (PDF) (Report). Winnipeg: Elections Manitoba.
"Candidate Election Returns". Elections Manitoba. Elections Manitoba. Retrieved March 2, 2020.

2016[edit]

2016 provincial election redistributed results[3]
Party %
  Progressive Conservative 56.8
  New Democratic 26.5
  Liberal 7.8
  Green 6.7
  Others 2.3
2016 Manitoba general election
Party Candidate Votes % ±% Expenditures
Progressive Conservative Brad Michaleski 4,795 60.22 19.11 $40,261.43
New Democratic Darcy Scheller 1,899 23.85 -31.07 $27,668.94
Green Kate Storey 595 7.47 5.03 $10.00
Liberal Garry Gurke 505 6.34 4.82 $10,170.71
Manitoba Darrell Inkster 168 2.11 $1,727.88
Total valid votes 7,962
Rejected 64
Eligible voters / Turnout 12,976 61.85 -0.24
Source(s)
Source: Manitoba. Chief Electoral Officer (2016). Statement of Votes for the 41st Provincial General Election, April 19, 2016 (PDF) (Report). Winnipeg: Elections Manitoba.
"Election Returns: 41st General Election". Elections Manitoba. 2016. Retrieved September 10, 2018.

2011[edit]

2011 Manitoba general election
Party Candidate Votes % ±% Expenditures
New Democratic Stan Struthers 4,483 54.93 1.28 $33,296.00
Progressive Conservative Lloyd J. McKinney 3,356 41.12 -0.34 $24,113.55
Green Tamela Friesen 199 2.44 $936.70
Liberal Sisay Tessema 124 1.52 -3.38 $0.00
Total valid votes 8,162
Rejected 22
Eligible voters / turnout 13,181 62.09
Source(s)
Source: Manitoba. Chief Electoral Officer (2011). Statement of Votes for the 40th Provincial General Election, October 4, 2011 (PDF) (Report). Winnipeg: Elections Manitoba.
"Election Returns: 40th General Election". Elections Manitoba. 2011. Retrieved September 12, 2018.
The 1998-2011 boundaries for Dauphin-Roblin highlighted in red

2007[edit]

2007 Manitoba general election: Dauphin—Roblin
Party Candidate Votes % ±% Expenditures
New Democratic Stan Struthers 4,214 53.64 -0.63 $18.341.99
Progressive Conservative Lloyd McKinney 3,257 41.46 6.33 $13,909.20
Liberal Yarko Petryshyn 385 4.90 -3.15 $340.29
Total valid votes 7,856
Rejected 21
Eligible voters / turnout 13,021 60.49
Source(s)
Source: Manitoba. Chief Electoral Officer (2007). Statement of Votes for the 39th Provincial General Election, May 22, 2007 (PDF) (Report). Winnipeg: Elections Manitoba.

2003[edit]

2003 Manitoba general election: Dauphin—Roblin
Party Candidate Votes % ±% Expenditures
New Democratic Stan Struthers 4,602 54.27 -1.40 $19,591.59
Progressive Conservative Bill Griffin 2,979 35.13 -4.67 $21,020.48
Liberal Joelle Robinson 683 8.05 $5,877.85
Green Larry Powell 216 2.55 $84.49
Total valid votes 8,480
Rejected 29
Eligible voters / turnout 13,675 62.22
Source(s)
Source: Manitoba. Chief Electoral Officer (2003). Statement of Votes for the 38th Provincial General Election, June 3, 2003 (PDF) (Report). Winnipeg: Elections Manitoba.

1999[edit]

1999 Manitoba general election: Dauphin—Roblin
Party Candidate Votes % ±% Expenditures
New Democratic Stan Struthers 5,596 55.67 7.30 $27,418.00
Progressive Conservative Lorne Boguski 4,001 39.80 -0.36 $31,178.48
Manitoba Doug McPhee 455 4.53 $2,427.16
Total valid votes 10,052
Rejected 42
Eligible voters / turnout 13,916 72.54
Source(s)
Source: Manitoba. Chief Electoral Officer (1999). Statement of Votes for the 37th Provincial General Election, September 21, 1999 (PDF) (Report). Winnipeg: Elections Manitoba.

1995[edit]

1995 Manitoba general election
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
New Democratic Stan Struthers 4,673 48.37 -0.46
Progressive Conservative Gord Ryz 3,880 40.17 5.35
Liberal Ranjit Sarin 996 10.31 -6.04
Independent Carey Contois 111 1.15
Total valid votes 9,660
Rejected 34
Eligible voters / Turnout 12,460 77.80 1.13
Source(s)
Source: Manitoba. Chief Electoral Officer (1999). Statement of Votes for the 37th Provincial General Election, September 21, 1999 (PDF) (Report). Winnipeg: Elections Manitoba.

1990[edit]

1990 Manitoba general election
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
New Democratic John Plohman 4,802 48.83 8.57
Progressive Conservative Martin Bidzinski 3,424 34.82 0.10
Liberal Peter Rampton 1,608 16.35 -8.67
Total valid votes 9,834
Rejected 23
Eligible voters / Turnout 12,856 76.67 -7.06
Source(s)
Source: Manitoba. Chief Electoral Officer (1999). Statement of Votes for the 37th Provincial General Election, September 21, 1999 (PDF) (Report). Winnipeg: Elections Manitoba.

1988[edit]

1988 Manitoba general election
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
New Democratic John Plohman 3,983 40.26 -12.01
Progressive Conservative Russell Secord 3,435 34.72 1.33
Liberal Peter Rampton 2,475 25.02 10.67
Total valid votes 9,893
Rejected 25
Eligible voters / Turnout 11,845 83.73 5.03
Source(s)
Source: Manitoba. Chief Electoral Officer (1999). Statement of Votes for the 37th Provincial General Election, September 21, 1999 (PDF) (Report). Winnipeg: Elections Manitoba.

1986[edit]

1986 Manitoba general election
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
New Democratic John Plohman 4,886 52.27 4.38
Progressive Conservative Erv Tycholis 3,121 33.39 -7.99
Liberal Peter Rampton 1,341 14.35 3.61
Total valid votes 9,348
Rejected 21
Eligible voters / Turnout 11,904 78.70 -5.51
Source(s)
Source: Manitoba. Chief Electoral Officer (1999). Statement of Votes for the 37th Provincial General Election, September 21, 1999 (PDF) (Report). Winnipeg: Elections Manitoba.

1981[edit]

1981 Manitoba general election
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
New Democratic John Plohman 4,680 47.89 -0.66
Progressive Conservative James Galbraith 4,044 41.38 -10.08
Liberal Bob Hawkins 1,049 10.73
Total valid votes 9,773
Rejected 19
Eligible voters / Turnout 11,627 84.22 -1.26
Source(s)
Source: Manitoba. Chief Electoral Officer (1999). Statement of Votes for the 37th Provincial General Election, September 21, 1999 (PDF) (Report). Winnipeg: Elections Manitoba.

1977[edit]

1977 Manitoba general election
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Progressive Conservative James Galbraith 4,590 51.46 13.59
New Democratic Peter Burtniak 4,330 48.54 -0.92
Total valid votes 8,920
Rejected 69
Eligible voters / Turnout 10,516 85.48 3.43
Source(s)
Source: Manitoba. Chief Electoral Officer (1999). Statement of Votes for the 37th Provincial General Election, September 21, 1999 (PDF) (Report). Winnipeg: Elections Manitoba.

1973[edit]

1973 Manitoba general election
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
New Democratic Peter Burtniak 4,261 49.47 3.96
Progressive Conservative Arthur Vincent "Art" Rampton 3,262 37.87 -7.00
Liberal Hugh Dunlop 1,091 12.67 3.05
Total valid votes 8,614
Rejected 47
Eligible voters / Turnout 10,556 82.05 12.06
Source(s)
Source: Manitoba. Chief Electoral Officer (1999). Statement of Votes for the 37th Provincial General Election, September 21, 1999 (PDF) (Report). Winnipeg: Elections Manitoba.

1969[edit]

1969 Manitoba general election
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
New Democratic Peter Burtniak 2,933 45.51 40.69
Progressive Conservative Stewart McLean 2,892 44.87 -19.43
Liberal Robert E. Sheldon 620 9.62 -21.26
Total valid votes 6,445
Rejected 44
Eligible voters / Turnout 9,271 69.99 3.69
Source(s)
Source: Manitoba. Chief Electoral Officer (1999). Statement of Votes for the 37th Provincial General Election, September 21, 1999 (PDF) (Report). Winnipeg: Elections Manitoba.

1966[edit]

1966 Manitoba general election
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Progressive Conservative Stewart McLean 3,149 64.30 -0.02
Liberal Edward Demkiw 1,512 30.88 -4.80
New Democratic Michael J. Sotas 236 4.82
Total valid votes 4,897
Rejected 29
Eligible voters / Turnout 7,430 66.30 -2.50
Source(s)
Source: Manitoba. Chief Electoral Officer (1999). Statement of Votes for the 37th Provincial General Election, September 21, 1999 (PDF) (Report). Winnipeg: Elections Manitoba.

1962[edit]

1962 Manitoba general election
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Progressive Conservative Stewart McLean 3,247 64.32 7.03
Liberal John Seale 1,801 35.68
Total valid votes 5,048
Rejected 44
Eligible voters / Turnout 7,401 68.80 -5.09
Source(s)
Source: Manitoba. Chief Electoral Officer (1999). Statement of Votes for the 37th Provincial General Election, September 21, 1999 (PDF) (Report). Winnipeg: Elections Manitoba.

1959[edit]

1959 Manitoba general election
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Progressive Conservative Stewart McLean 2,951 57.29 4.56
Co-operative Commonwealth A. Clifford Matthews 1,233 23.94 3.40
Liberal–Progressive Emma Hildegard Ringstrom 967 18.77 -7.96
Total valid votes 5,151
Rejected 67
Eligible voters / Turnout 7,062 73.89 0.10
Source(s)
Source: Manitoba. Chief Electoral Officer (1999). Statement of Votes for the 37th Provincial General Election, September 21, 1999 (PDF) (Report). Winnipeg: Elections Manitoba.

1958[edit]

1958 Manitoba general election
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Progressive Conservative Stewart McLean 2,740 52.73 29.97
Liberal–Progressive John Potoski 1,389 26.73 -5.23
Co-operative Commonwealth A. C. Matthews 1,067 20.54 19.18
Total valid votes 5,196
Rejected 30
Eligible voters / Turnout 7,082 73.79 -12.13
Source(s)
Source: Manitoba. Chief Electoral Officer (1999). Statement of Votes for the 37th Provincial General Election, September 21, 1999 (PDF) (Report). Winnipeg: Elections Manitoba.

1953[edit]

1953 Manitoba general election
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Social Credit William Bullmore 2,534 43.92
Liberal–Progressive John Potoski 1,844 31.96
Progressive Conservative Ernest McGirr 1,313 22.76 -49.32
Co-operative Commonwealth Frank Fullbrook 78 1.35 -26.57
Total valid votes 5,769
Rejected 205
Eligible voters / Turnout 6,953 85.92 24.46
Source(s)
Source: Manitoba. Chief Electoral Officer (1999). Statement of Votes for the 37th Provincial General Election, September 21, 1999 (PDF) (Report). Winnipeg: Elections Manitoba.

1949[edit]

1949 Manitoba general election
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Progressive Conservative Ernest McGirr 2,855 72.08
Co-operative Commonwealth George J. Jackman 1,106 27.92 -7.66
Total valid votes 3,961
Rejected 80
Eligible voters / Turnout 6,575 61.46 -3.27
Source(s)
Source: Manitoba. Chief Electoral Officer (1999). Statement of Votes for the 37th Provincial General Election, September 21, 1999 (PDF) (Report). Winnipeg: Elections Manitoba.

1945[edit]

1945 Manitoba general election
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Liberal–Progressive Robert Hawkins 2,312 64.42
Co-operative Commonwealth Maurice Wesley "Moe" Cryderman 1,277 35.58
Total valid votes 3,589
Rejected 26
Eligible voters / Turnout 5,585 64.73 64.73
Source(s)
Source: Manitoba. Chief Electoral Officer (1999). Statement of Votes for the 37th Provincial General Election, September 21, 1999 (PDF) (Report). Winnipeg: Elections Manitoba.

1941[edit]

1941 Manitoba general election
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Liberal–Progressive Robert Hawkins 0.00 -45.52
Total valid votes
Rejected N/A
Eligible voters / Turnout 5,452 0.00 -79.57
Source(s)
Source: Manitoba. Chief Electoral Officer (1999). Statement of Votes for the 37th Provincial General Election, September 21, 1999 (PDF) (Report). Winnipeg: Elections Manitoba.

1936[edit]

1936 Manitoba general election
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Liberal–Progressive Robert Hawkins 1,836 45.52 -0.61
Conservative Ernest McGirr 1,312 32.53 -7.01
Independent Labour Ronald Moore 885 21.94
Total valid votes 4,033
Rejected 134
Eligible voters / Turnout 5,237 79.57 -4.35
Source(s)
Source: Manitoba. Chief Electoral Officer (1999). Statement of Votes for the 37th Provincial General Election, September 21, 1999 (PDF) (Report). Winnipeg: Elections Manitoba.

1932[edit]

1932 Manitoba general election
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Liberal–Progressive Robert Hawkins 1,861 46.13
Conservative Ernest McGirr 1,595 39.54 -4.56
Independent W. J. Wickes 578 14.33
Total valid votes 4,034
Rejected N/A
Eligible voters / Turnout 4,807 83.92 1.83
Source(s)
Source: Manitoba. Chief Electoral Officer (1999). Statement of Votes for the 37th Provincial General Election, September 21, 1999 (PDF) (Report). Winnipeg: Elections Manitoba.

1927[edit]

1927 Manitoba general election
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Conservative Robert Ferguson 1,350 44.10
Progressive George Hastings Palmer 1,064 34.76
Liberal Archibald Esplen 647 21.14 -15.94
Total valid votes 3,061
Rejected N/A
Eligible voters / Turnout 3,729 82.09 13.29
Source(s)
Source: Manitoba. Chief Electoral Officer (1999). Statement of Votes for the 37th Provincial General Election, September 21, 1999 (PDF) (Report). Winnipeg: Elections Manitoba.

1922[edit]

1922 Manitoba general election
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Liberal Archibald Esplen 825 37.08 -4.51
Labour George Hastings Palmer 742 33.35 -25.06
United Farmers Henry Pears Nicholson 658 29.57
Total valid votes 2,225
Rejected N/A
Eligible voters / Turnout 3,234 68.80 2.22
Source(s)
Source: Manitoba. Chief Electoral Officer (1999). Statement of Votes for the 37th Provincial General Election, September 21, 1999 (PDF) (Report). Winnipeg: Elections Manitoba.

1920[edit]

1920 Manitoba general election
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Labour George Hastings Palmer 1,466 58.41
Liberal William J. Harrington 1,044 41.59 -4.34
Total valid votes 2,510
Rejected N/A
Eligible voters / Turnout 3,770 66.58 -9.68
Source(s)
Source: Manitoba. Chief Electoral Officer (1999). Statement of Votes for the 37th Provincial General Election, September 21, 1999 (PDF) (Report). Winnipeg: Elections Manitoba.

1915[edit]

1915 Manitoba general election
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Liberal William J. Harrington 739 45.93 5.03
Conservative William Buchanan 637 39.59 -19.51
Independent James M. McQuay 233 14.48
Total valid votes 1,609
Rejected N/A
Eligible voters / Turnout 2,110 76.26 -6.57
Source(s)
Source: Manitoba. Chief Electoral Officer (1999). Statement of Votes for the 37th Provincial General Election, September 21, 1999 (PDF) (Report). Winnipeg: Elections Manitoba.

1914[edit]

1914 Manitoba general election
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Conservative William Buchanan 1,026 59.10 7.88
Liberal John Seale 710 40.90 -7.88
Total valid votes 1,736
Rejected N/A
Eligible voters / Turnout 2,096 82.82 1.03
Source(s)
Source: Manitoba. Chief Electoral Officer (1999). Statement of Votes for the 37th Provincial General Election, September 21, 1999 (PDF) (Report). Winnipeg: Elections Manitoba.

1910[edit]

1910 Manitoba general election
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Conservative James G. Harvey 1,107 51.23 5.16
Liberal John A. Campbell 1,054 48.77 -5.16
Total valid votes 2,161
Rejected N/A
Eligible voters / Turnout 2,642 81.79 6.09
Source(s)
Source: Manitoba. Chief Electoral Officer (1999). Statement of Votes for the 37th Provincial General Election, September 21, 1999 (PDF) (Report). Winnipeg: Elections Manitoba.

1907[edit]

1907 Manitoba general election
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Liberal John A. Campbell 830 53.93 8.78
Conservative James G. Harvey 709 46.07 -8.78
Total valid votes 1,539
Rejected N/A
Eligible voters / Turnout 2,033 75.70 -9.67
Source(s)
Source: Manitoba. Chief Electoral Officer (1999). Statement of Votes for the 37th Provincial General Election, September 21, 1999 (PDF) (Report). Winnipeg: Elections Manitoba.

1903[edit]

1903 Manitoba general election
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Conservative John Gunne 797 54.85 15.55
Liberal John A. Campbell 656 45.15 -15.55
Total valid votes 1,453
Rejected N/A
Eligible voters / Turnout 1,702 85.37 27.21
Source(s)
Source: Manitoba. Chief Electoral Officer (1999). Statement of Votes for the 37th Provincial General Election, September 21, 1999 (PDF) (Report). Winnipeg: Elections Manitoba.

1899[edit]

1899 Manitoba general election
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Liberal Theodore Arthur Burrows 1,203 60.70 10.18
Conservative Robert Hunt 779 39.30 -10.18
Total valid votes 1,982
Rejected N/A
Eligible voters / Turnout 3,408 58.16 -17.26
Source(s)
Source: Manitoba. Chief Electoral Officer (1999). Statement of Votes for the 37th Provincial General Election, September 21, 1999 (PDF) (Report). Winnipeg: Elections Manitoba.

1896[edit]

1896 Manitoba general election
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Liberal Theodore Arthur Burrows 589 50.51
Conservative Glenlyon Campbell 577 49.49 0.21
Total valid votes 1,166
Rejected N/A
Eligible voters / Turnout 1,546 75.42 2.49
Source(s)
Source: Manitoba. Chief Electoral Officer (1999). Statement of Votes for the 37th Provincial General Election, September 21, 1999 (PDF) (Report). Winnipeg: Elections Manitoba.

1892[edit]

1892 Manitoba general election
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Liberal–Conservative Theodore Arthur Burrows 317 50.72
Conservative Glenlyon Campbell 308 49.28
Total valid votes 625
Rejected N/A
Eligible voters / Turnout 857 72.93
Source(s)
Source: Manitoba. Chief Electoral Officer (1999). Statement of Votes for the 37th Provincial General Election, September 21, 1999 (PDF) (Report). Winnipeg: Elections Manitoba.

1883[edit]

1883 Manitoba general election
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Conservative John Andrew Davidson 0.00 -60.41
Total valid votes
Rejected N/A
Eligible voters / Turnout N/A
Source(s)
Source: Manitoba. Chief Electoral Officer (1999). Statement of Votes for the 37th Provincial General Election, September 21, 1999 (PDF) (Report). Winnipeg: Elections Manitoba.

1881 by-election[edit]

Manitoba provincial by-election, 1881
Party Candidate Votes %
Conservative John Andrew Davidson 148 60.41
Unknown P. St. Clair 97 39.59
Total valid votes 245
Rejected N/A
Eligible voters / Turnout N/A
Source(s)
Source: Manitoba. Chief Electoral Officer (1999). Statement of Votes for the 37th Provincial General Election, September 21, 1999 (PDF) (Report). Winnipeg: Elections Manitoba.

References[edit]

  1. ^ "Manitoba Votes: Brandon East". Canadian Broadcasting Corporation. Retrieved October 5, 2023.
  2. ^ "Elections Manitoba - Manitoba's 43rd General Election - October 3, 2023 - Unofficial Results". results.electionsmanitoba.ca. Retrieved October 5, 2023.
  3. ^ Marcoux, Jacques (August 27, 2019). "New Manitoba election boundaries give upper hand to Progressive Conservatives, CBC News analysis finds". CBC. Retrieved August 29, 2023.